Uganda Primates

East Africa as a whole is one of the mostcolobus guereza. These beautiful primates live in
well-recognized safari destination for touristsmost of the Ugandan forest, as well as river
looking to see a variety of wildlife that is rare andwoodland. They dwell entirely in the trees, and are
exotic. What most tourists don't realize howeverL,heost's monkey is rarely visible because it
is what sets Uganda apart from other destinationsusually dwells in dense secondary forest and
such as Tanzania and Kenya.undergrowth. It has a black face and
Thanks to its climate, Uganda has a colossalbackward-facing white whiskers and usually carries
amount of rich and dense forest making it aits tail upright. If one is lucky, they can catch a
perfect home to species that are absent fromL,hoest's monkey in kibale forest, Bwindi or
other parts of East Africa. Yet unlike similarMaramagambo forest with in Queen Elizabeth
forests in other parts of Africa, Uganda's forestsnational park.
are easily accessible for viewing forest wildlife,A large number of primates that live in Uganda's
especially primates!forest are never seen by tourists because they
Primates evolved Africa approximately 60 millionsleep during the day and are only active at night.
years ago. The first primates were shrew-likeThese include the bush baby (galago) of which
animals that resemble the pottos and bush babiesthere five different species in Uganda- and the
of Uganda Today. These more primitive primatespotto (Perodicticus Potto). Both species are
are known as prosimians and were the firstnorcturnal, although the shrill cry of the bushaby is
primates to exist in Africa. Monkeys did notdistinctive sound easily distinguished by their black
evolve until 10 million years later at around 50bodies and long white tufted tails and shaggy
million years while apes were not found in Africawhite sides. They live in small groups and eat only
until 20 million years ago. One of the first knownleaves. Their diet is so specialized; their stomachs
apes, proconsul, was discovered on Rusinga Islandhave different compartments to help them digest
in Lake Victoria. Apes are easy to distinguish fromtheir leaves that they eat.
monkeys by their Lack of a trail.The black and white colobus aren't the only
Primate-inhabited forests are under threat incolobus in the forest, either. The red colobus,
Uganda, as they appear to be in other parts ofpiliocolobus badius, which live in large groups and
the world because of the increasing number ofare highly sociable, are only found in areas
people all struggling to find placing to live. Thesurrounding Kibale National Park. They have tufted
number of species living in tropical forest is muchred crowns and are often hunted by chimpanzees
higher than elsewhere, and a proportionately largeas food.
number of species are finding it harder to survive.The blue monkey (Ceropithecus mitis) is the most
Monkeys and ape of the forests are among thewidely dispersed forest guenon in East Africa. It is
worst affected, with nearly one in four monkeycommon in most Ugandan forest guenon in East
species worldwide being very close to extinction.Africa. It is common in most Ugandan forests
Forests have delicate ecosystems and many andexcept for Murchison falls and L. Mburo National
many primate species have evolved a specializedand often lives in Union with other forest
lifestyle, causing them to react poorly to suddenmonkeys. Blue monkeys are not, in fact, blue but
changes in their environments such as loss ofdark grey with white throat and chest, as well as
habitat and human encroachment.tufted grey hair on their foreheads. In the forest,
Uganda is home to over 300 mammals, primatesthe males make a distinctive "pyow" sound as a
being exceptionally well represented among them.territorial marker that can be heard from a far
With around 20 species of primates, bothdistance.
day-dwelling (diurnal) and night-dwelling (nocturnal),The red-tailed monkey, Cercopithecus ascinius, is
the variety and bounty of Uganda's primatealso a forest guenon but its red. The red-tailed
population is unparalleled. The best Ugandamonkey is also brownish with white whiskers and
primates are the great apes. Most rare is thehas a heart shaped white patch on its nose. Red
mountain gorilla, Gorilla Beringei, which inhabitstailed monkeys are often found in Kibale forest,
Bwindi Impenetrable National park and MgahingaSemliki, Queen Elizabeth and Bwindi National Park,
National Park in Southwestern Uganda. Mountainas well as Budongo Forest and Mpanga Forest.
gorillas, one of three gorilla subspecies, are someTwo other forest guenons are more infrequently
of the most endangered animals today -with anseen- Debrazza's monkey and (Cercopithecus
estimated total population of 750, mountain gorillasNeglectus)L,Hooest's monkey(Cercopithecus
are living on the brink of extinction.lheost). De Brazza's monkey is thickset and
Thousand of visitors travel to Bwindi every yearshorter than the other guenons, with a white
to see the majestic mountain gorilla, helping theband across its brows and white moustache and
communities of Bwindi every year to see thebeard. De brazza's is primarily a West. African
largest of all the primate species, with adultSpecies, but can be found near Mt. Elgon and
sometimes weighing over 200 kilos.Semliki National Parks.
Only slightly smaller is the chimpanzee, PanL'Hoest's monkey is rarely visible because it
Troglodytes, which inhabit most of the westernusually dwells in dense secondary forest and
forest of Uganda and can be seen at Kibaaleundergrowth. It has a black face and
National Park, Kaniyo Pabidi forest site nearbackward-facing white whiskers and usually carries
Murchison falls National Park, as well as Ngambaits tail upright. If one is lucky, they can catch a
Island Chimpanzee sanctuary in Lake Victoria.L'Hoest's monkey in kibaale Forest, Bwindi or
Chimpanzees are extensively studied in the wildMamagambo Forest within Queen Elizabeth
and in captivity and have been found to be closerNational park.
to humans than any other creature as they shareA large number of primate that live in Uganda's
over 98% of our DNA. Unlike Gorilla, who eatforests are never seen by tourists because they
mostly leaves; chimpanzees eat primarily fruit butsleep during the day and are only active at night.
have been witnessed hunting and killing theThese include the bushbaby(Galago)- of which
colobus monkey for food.there are five different species in Uganda - and
What is less well-known is that Uganda is also fullthe Potto (Perodicticus Potto). Both species are
of monkeys. There are five different types, ornocturnal, although the shrill cry of the Bush baby
"genera", which include the colobus, the guenons,is distinctive sound of the African night. Both
the baboons, the Patas and the Mangbeys. SomePrimates are more closely related to the more
of these monkeys are as widespread and easilyprimitive prosimians, like the lemurs of
seen as a domestic animal in others parts of theMadagascar. At Kibaale forest, there are guided
world. The vervet monkey, Cercopithecusnight walks on which one can see these nocturnal
aethiops, a light gray guenon, is thought to be toprimates.
be the most numerous monkey species in theAs one can clearly see, Uganda is rich with
world and can be found every where in Ugandaprimates. Each primate species has its own quirks,
except the forest. Highly intelligent vervets havebehaviors and each species can provide a
specialized calling systems distinguishing themprimatologist with a lifetime's worth of study and
between aerial and Land predators.research material. The scientists that contribute to
Patas monkeys, or Erthrocebus patas, look quitethe international primatological society each
similar to vervets and also are terrestrial primates.understand how vital their role is- better
The patas has a redish-brown coat, unlike theunderstanding of each primate species will enable
vervet grey coat, and is restricted to the monththem to spread awareness and help ensure that
of Uganda, in kidepo and Murchison falls Nationalprimate's survival. The responsibility, however,
parks. Baboons, or Papio anubis, are heavy anddoesn't lie with the Scientist alone.
terrestrial primates, and are easily recognizedWildlife parks and forest reserves have been
because of their size and their long, canine snout.created to enable their animal inhabitants to
Like the vervet, baboons are highly adaptable andsurvive and thrive while also serving to educate
have become the most widespread primate inthe public - tourist and local communities alike
Africa. They too live in large, social groups and-about the wonder each species has to offer.
you will often see them feeding and grooming onThese sites are set up initially to enable tourists to
the road side. The Olive baboon, the only typeshare in the experience, but these sites and
found in Uganda, can be found in all of the Nationalrangers employed are all that stands between
parks except for the three mountainous Parks.some of these primates and extinction. And each
Probably the most viewable primate within theof them relies on visitors to maintain it's services
forest strata is the black and white colobus,to the wildlife communities.