Dalmatians - A Guide to the Breed

The Dalmatian is an ancient breed whose heritagehunting.
is hotly disputed, it is thought by many to dateThe Dalmatian breed had a massive surge in
back to 2000BC and to have come through thepopularity as a result of the 1956 novel 'The
centuries relatively unchanged. Paintings ofhundred and one Dalmatians' by Dodie Smith and
Dalmatians running alongside chariots have beenlater due to the Disney and live-action films that
unearthed in Egyptian tombs as well as in thefollowed. But the breed suffered when
remains of ancient Greece and Rome. Someunscrupulous breeders began breeding high
believe that the breed originates from Dalmatia,numbers without ensuring the health, quality and
Croatia but there is little evidence to prove this.temperament of the dog.
Over the years Dalmatians have been used for aAlthough Dalmatians are relatively easy to train as
wide variety of jobs including dogs of war, borderthey have a willing nature and an eagerness to
patrols, sheep herders, cart pullers, circusplease, many well-meaning owners purchased
performers and coaching dogs. The DalmatianDalmatians without learning about the
breed has always been closely associated andresponsibilities and commitment required. Since the
retained a strong affinity with horses. Theydogs were originally bred to run with horses they
became popular with aristocracy after the breeds'have high levels of energy and stamina and need
introduction to Britain in the 18th century andfrequent exercise. As many owners found
often ran along side ornate carriages. Their strongthemselves unable to provide the adequate care
bodied athletic build and limitless energy andmany Dalmatians were abandoned and left with
stamina reflect these years as a coach dog.animals shelters. This left the breed with a bad
Dalmatians were also adopted by firereputation of being difficult to manage.
departments in the 1800's and were trained toMost health problems in Dalmatians are as a result
run through the streets clearing the way andof old age and they can live for up to 15 or 16
guiding the horse drawn water wagons and fireyears. Although the one common problem found
fighters to the fires. They were sometimes alsowith the breed is deafness, this occurs in several
used as rescue dogs to locate victims in burningdog types that have light pigmentation including
structures. Dalmatians make good watchdogs andbull terriers, poodles, boxers and boarder collies.
were employed by fire brigades to guard therePuppies can be tested after five weeks to see if
firehouse and equipment. As the fire engines werethis defect is present and reputable breeders test
often the targets of thieves. As a result, manytheir dogs prior to breeding. Research shows that
modern day fire fighters in the US haveDalmatians with larger patches of colour at birth,
Dalmatians as pets and they are commonlyand brown eyes rather than blue, generally have
known as firehouse dogs.less hearing defects.
To this day the Dalmatian retains its guardingOne other health issue with the breed is Kidney
instinct but while they are friendly and loyal toand bladder stones which occur due to the lack of
those they trust, they are often aloof withan enzyme called uricase which is not present in
strangers and other dogs. The breed also has athe Dalmatians gene pool at all. Males over 10
strong hunting instinct which makes it an excellentyears old are prone to kidney stones and should
exterminator of rats and vermin, in the past theytake preventative medication. Owners should be
were used as bird dogs, trail hounds andcareful to limit the intake of purine which is
retrievers as well as in packs for stag and boarpresent in organ meats and animal by-products.